Hereās what I learned about Joan of Arc (or Jehanne dāArc and Jehanne la Puchelle). Iāll post a link with more info down below.
I donāt remember too much about the Hundred Yearsā War, but I do know that it was fought over who would sit on the French throne - an English or a French monarch.
King Charles VI of France was mentally ill and unfit to rule, so King Henry V of England took over. Charles VI left behind a son (Charles VII) who would eventually sit on the French throne because of Joanās campaign.
Contrary to popular belief, Joan wasnāt actually a peasant. Her family owned roughly 20 acres of farmland, which included a meadow and a forest. Their annual income was roughly 200 pounds a year (which was quite a lot in the fifteenth century) and had stashed away some of it in case of an emergency. Her father was the ādoydenā of their village, which meant he was the most important figure there.
Joan did not start hearing the voices of angels and saints until her hometown of Domremy was attacked and burned to the ground by English and Burgundian (French allies of England) when she was only 13. She is said to heard the voices of St. Michael the Archangel, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret of Antioch.
Scientists today think that she might have suffered from schizophrenia. However, my Catholic school teachers told me that schizophrenics arenāt able to draw out battle plans or peace treaties, which Joan did. There are also theories that she might have suffered from epilepsy or bovine tuberculosis, the latter which is contracted by drinking unpasteurized milk and tending to cattle.
To me, it sounds like these voices were the result of trauma after losing her home.
Anyway, the voices told her to lead a campaign against the English and put Charles VII on the throne in Remis.
Charles VII agreed to let her lead the French army because she knew things that only a messenger of God would know. The details of this conversation are unknown.
Joan never actually fought in any battle or killed an opponents ā she was more of a figurehead and a motivational speakerā but she was injured several times.
She is said to have had a temper (which, if I might add, I think is one of the reasons she was accused of witchcraft). She would chew out the soldiers who took the Lordās name, skipped Sunday mass, drank, or cursed. She was even said to have driven away the camp followers (prostitutes), even going so far as to beat one of them when they wouldnāt leave.
She was captured during an attack at Compiegne by English-Burgundians forces. Charles VII refused to negotiate her release because he wanted to keep his distance from an accused heretic and witch.
70 charges were brought against her, including heresy, sorcery, and cross dressing. These charges were later dropped to 12.
She recanted hearing the voices of angels and saints. However, she was caught wearing menās clothing again, deemed a lapsed heretic, and sentenced to burn at the stake. It should be noted that Joan probably wore menās clothing to protect herself from being raped on the battlefield and in prison.
20 years after her death, she was cleared of all charges. She was canonized on May 16, 1920, and is the patron saint of France.